Wind Power Network Nhau: Abstract: Iri bepa rinotarisa mamiriro azvino ekuvandudzwa kwekukanganisa kuongororwa uye kutarisa kwehutano kwezvikamu zvitatu zvikuru mumhepo turbine drive cheni-anosanganiswa blades, magiya mabhokisi, uye jenareta, uye inopfupisa mamiriro azvino ekutsvagisa uye chikuru. mativi eiyi nzira yemunda.Hunhu hukuru hwekutadza hunhu, mafomu ekutadza uye kuomerwa kwekuomerwa kwezvikamu zvitatu zvakakura zvemashizha anoumbwa, magiya mabhokisi uye majenareta mumidziyo yemagetsi emhepo anopfupikiswa, uye iripo yekutadza kuongororwa uye hutano hwekutarisisa nzira, uye pakupedzisira tarisiro yebudiriro yendima iyi.
0 Preface
Nekuda kwekuda kukuru kwepasirese kwesimba rakachena uye rinodzokororwa uye kufambira mberi kukuru mukugadzira tekinoroji yemagetsi emhepo, huwandu hwepasi rose hwakaiswa hwesimba remhepo huri kuramba huchikwira zvishoma nezvishoma.Zvinoenderana nehuwandu kubva kuGlobal Wind Energy Association (GWEC), kusvika pakupera kwa2018, simba remhepo rakaiswa pasi rose rakasvika pa597 GW, iyo China yakava nyika yekutanga ine simba rinopfuura mazana maviri GW, richisvika 216 GW. , inoverengera anopfuura makumi matatu nematanhatu ehuwandu hwepasi rose hwakaiswa.%, inoramba ichichengetedza chinzvimbo chayo sesimba rinotungamira remhepo pasi rose, uye inyika chaiyo ine simba remhepo.
Parizvino, chinhu chakakosha chinotadzisa kuenderera mberi kwehutano hweindasitiri yemagetsi emhepo ndechekuti michina yemagetsi emhepo inoda mutengo wakakwirisa pachikamu chimwe chete chekubuda kwesimba pane zvechinyakare zvefossil.Akahwina Mubairo weNobel muFizikisi uye aimbove Munyori weMagetsi weUS Zhu Diwen akataura kuomarara uye kudikanwa kwehukuru-hukuru hwemagetsi emhepo mashandiro ekuchengetedza dhizaini, uye yakakwirira yekushanda nekugadzirisa mari inyaya dzakakosha dzinoda kugadziriswa mundima iyi [1] .Midziyo yemagetsi emhepo inonyanya kushandiswa munzvimbo dziri kure kana nzvimbo dziri kunze kwemahombekombe dzisingasvikike nevanhu.Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, michina yemagetsi emhepo inoramba ichikura munzira yekukura kukuru.Iyo dhayamita yemashizha emagetsi emhepo inoramba ichiwedzera, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwechinhambwe kubva pasi kusvika kune nacelle uko midziyo yakakosha inoiswa.Izvi zvaunza kuoma kukuru mukushanda nekuchengetedza midziyo yemagetsi emhepo uye zvakakwidza mutengo wekugadzirisa kwechikwata.Nekuda kwemutsauko uripo pakati pemamiriro ehunyanzvi hwekuita uye mamiriro ekurima emhepo emidziyo yemagetsi munyika dzekuMadokero dzakasimukira, mari yekushanda nekugadzirisa yemidziyo yemagetsi emhepo muChina inoenderera mberi ichiverengera chikamu chikuru chemari.Kune onshore wind turbines ane hupenyu hwebasa hwemakore makumi maviri, mutengo wekugadzirisa Mari yose yemhepo yemapurazi inotora 10% ~ 15%;kumapurazi emhepo ekumahombekombe, chikamu chakakwira se20% ~25%[2].Iyo yakakwirira yekushanda nekugadzirisa mutengo wesimba remhepo inonyanya kutsanangurwa nekushanda nekugadzirisa maitiro emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.Parizvino, mapurazi akawanda emhepo anotora nzira yekugadzirisa nguva dzose.Kutadza kungangoitika hakugone kuwanikwa nekufamba kwenguva, uye kudzokororwa kugadzirisa kwemidziyo isina kusimba kuchawedzerawo kushanda nekugadzirisa.mutengo.Mukuwedzera, hazvibviri kuona kunobva kukanganisa munguva, uye inogona kuongororwa imwe neimwe kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvichaunzawo mari yakakura yekushanda nekugadzirisa.Imwe mhinduro kudambudziko iri ndeyekugadzira structural health monitoring (SHM) system yematurbines emhepo kudzivirira tsaona ine njodzi uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi hwema turbines emhepo, nekudaro ichidzikisa mutengo wemagetsi ekubuda kwesimba remhepo.Naizvozvo, kune indasitiri yemagetsi emhepo Izvo zvakakosha kugadzira SHM system.
1. Ikozvino mamiriro emhepo magetsi emagetsi ekutarisa system
Kune akawanda marudzi ezvivakwa zvemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi, kunyanya anosanganisira: maviri-akadyiswa asynchronous wind turbines (variable-speed variable-pitch running wind turbines), direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous wind turbines, uye semi-direct-drive synchronous wind turbines.Kuenzaniswa neakananga-kutyaira mhepo turbines, kaviri-akadyiswa asynchronous mhepo turbines anosanganisira gearbox inosiyana yekumhanya michina.Chimiro chayo chikuru chinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Iyi mhando yemidziyo yemagetsi emhepo inodarika 70% yemugove wemusika.Naizvozvo, chinyorwa ichi chinonyanya kutarisisa kutadza kuongororwa uye kutariswa kwehutano hwemhando iyi yemidziyo yemagetsi emhepo.
Mufananidzo 1 Chimiro chekutanga cheturbine yemhepo inodyiswa kaviri
Mudziyo wemagetsi emhepo wanga uchishanda siku nesikati pasi pezvinhu zvakaoma zvinochinjanisa zvakaita semhepo inovhuvhuta kwenguva yakareba.Iyo yakaoma sevhisi nharaunda yakakanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza kwekushanda uye kuchengetedza kwemhepo magetsi emagetsi.Iyo inotsinhanisa mutoro unoshanda pama turbine blades uye inofambiswa kuburikidza nemabhengi, shafts, magiya, jenareta uye zvimwe zvikamu mucheni yekutapurirana, zvichiita kuti cheni yekutapurirana iwedzere kutadza kutadza panguva yebasa.Parizvino, hurongwa hwekutarisa hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya pamagetsi emagetsi emhepo ndiyo SCADA system, iyo inogona kutarisa mamiriro ekushanda emagetsi emagetsi akadai sezvino, magetsi, grid connection nemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, uye ane mabasa akadai searamu nemishumo;asi sisitimu inotarisisa chimiro Iyo ma paramita anogumira, kunyanya masaini akadai seazvino, voltage, simba, nezvimwewo, uye kuchine kushaikwa kwekutarisa vibration uye kutadza kuongororwa mabasa kune zvakakosha zvikamu [3-5].Nyika dzekunze, kunyanya nyika dzekuMadokero dzakasimukira, dzakagara dzakagadzira michina yekutarisa mamiriro uye software yekuongorora yakanangana nemidziyo yemagetsi emhepo.Kunyangwe iyo tekinoroji yekutarisa yekumba yekutarisa yakatanga kunonoka, ichitungamirwa nehombe yemhepo yemhepo kushanda kure uye kudiwa kwemusika wekugadzirisa, kusimudzira masisitimu ekutarisa epamba kwapindawo munhanho yekukurumidza kusimudzira.Iyo yakangwara yekutadza kuongororwa uye yekutanga yambiro kudzivirira yemhepo magetsi emidziyo inogona kuderedza mutengo uye kuwedzera kushanda kwesimba remhepo kushanda nekugadzirisa, uye yakawana kubvumirana muindasitiri yemagetsi emhepo.
2. Main kukanganisa maitiro emhepo midziyo yemagetsi
Mhepo midziyo yemagetsi yakaoma electromechanical system inosanganisira rotors (blades, hubs, pitch system, etc.), mabearings, main shafts, gearboxes, generator, tower, yaw systems, sensors, etc. kuchinjanisa mitoro panguva yebasa.Sezvo nguva yebasa inowedzera, marudzi akasiyana-siyana ekukuvadza kana kukundikana hazvidzivisiki.
Mufananidzo 2 Muyero wekugadzirisa mutengo wechikamu chimwe nechimwe chemagetsi emhepo
Mufananidzo 3 The downtime ratio yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi emhepo
Zvinogona kuonekwa kubva kuMufananidzo 2 uye Mufananidzo 3 [6] kuti nguva yekuderera inokonzerwa nemashizha, gearboxes, uye jenereta yakaverengera kupfuura 87% yehuwandu husina kurongeka, uye mari yekuchengetedza yakaverengera kupfuura 3 yemari yose yekuchengetedza./4.Naizvozvo, mumamiriro ekutarisa, kutadza kuongororwa uye kutonga kwehutano hwemhepo turbines, blades, magiya mabhokisi, uye jenareta ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvitatu zvinoda kutariswa.Wind Energy Professional Committee yeChinese Renewable Energy Society yakaratidza muongororo ye2012 pamusoro pekushanda kwemhando yemidziyo yemagetsi yenyika [6] kuti kukundikana kwemhando dzemagetsi emhepo dzinosanganisira kuputika, kurohwa nemheni, kuputika, nezvimwewo, uye izvo zvinokonzeresa kukundikana zvinosanganisira dhizaini, Kuzvimiririra uye zvekunze zvinhu panguva yekusuma uye masevhisi matanho ekugadzira, kugadzira, uye chekufambisa.Basa guru regiya bhokisi ndere kushandisa zvakadzika-inomhanya mhepo simba rekugadzira magetsi uye kuwedzera spindle kumhanya.Munguva yekushanda kweturbine yemhepo, giya bhokisi rinonyanya kutadza kukundikana nekuda kwemhedzisiro yekutsinhanisa kushushikana uye kukanganisa mutoro [7].Kukanganisa kwakajairika kwemagiya mabhokisi kunosanganisira kukanganisa kwegiya uye kutadza kubereka.Gearbox kukanganisa kazhinji kunobva kumabheya.Bearings chinhu chakakosha chegiya bhokisi, uye kutadza kwavo kunowanzo kukonzeresa kukuvadzwa kwegiya bhokisi.Kutakura kukundikana kunonyanya kusanganisira kuneta kupepeta, kupera, kutsemuka, kunama, kukuvadzwa kwekeji, nezvimwewo [8], pakati peiyo kuneta kupepeta uye kupfeka ndiwo maviri anowanzo kutadza maitiro ekukunguruka kwebhengi.Iwo anonyanya kutadza giya anosanganisira kupfeka, kuneta kwepamusoro, kuputsika, uye kutsemuka.Zvikanganiso zvejenareta system zvakakamurwa kuita zvikanganiso zvemotokari uye zvikanganiso zvemuchina [9].Mechanical kukundikana kunonyanya kusanganisira kutadza kwe rotor uye kutakura kukundikana.Kutadza kwerotor kunonyanya kusanganisira kusaenzana kwerotor, kuputika kwerotor, uye kusununguka kwemaoko erabha.Mhando dzekukanganisa kwemota dzinogona kukamurwa kuita kutadza kwemagetsi uye kutadza kwemagetsi.Kukanganisa kwemagetsi kunosanganisira pfupi-circuit ye rotor / stator coil, dunhu rakazaruka rinokonzerwa neakaputsika rotor bars, generator overheating, nezvimwewo;Mechanical kukanganisa kunosanganisira yakawandisa jenareta vibration, kutakura overheating, kukuvara kwekudzivirira, Kupfeka kwakakomba, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-30-2021
